| Caine | rare: Mayo, Louth etc. Ir. Ó Catháin. A variant of Kane which is much more numerous, and Keane which stands for a number of different names. Ó Catháin was an important sept in Derry upto the Plantation and there was another sept in Galway. The personal name Cathán (battler) was popular in medieval Ireland. GPN. |
| Kane | Very numerous: all areas except Munster. Ir. Ó Catháin. A leading sept of Derry. See O'Kane. The name appears as Keane in Munster. Cath = battle (part of some first name) |
| Kayne | Very rare: Derry. See Kane. |
| Ó Catháin | Quite numerous: scattered. Ir.Lang. See Kane, Keane. |
| Ó Catháin | Kane, Keane: an-líonmhar ar fud na tíre. (1) Clann de Chinéal Eoghain (Doire), (2) Clann d'Uí Fiachrach (Gaillimh). Ach, sa Mhumhain, ní mór aire d'Ó Céin, q.v. IF. |
| O'Kane | Very numerous: Derry-Tyrone-Donegal and Ulster generally. Ir. Ó Catháin. A major sept of Derry (Ciannacht Glinne). The name occurs as Keane elsewhere. See also Kane. IF. |
Parishes where Cain and a second surname are found together
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